WASHINGTON/BAGHDAD, (Reuters) – President Barack  Obama declared an end to the seven-year U.S. combat mission in  Iraq yesterday and promised recession-weary Americans “my  central responsibility” now is to repair the U.S. economy.

Obama, who inherited the war from President George W. Bush  and is fighting another in Afghanistan, said he had fulfilled a  2008 campaign promise to end U.S. combat operations in Iraq and  declared the Iraqi people now have lead responsibility for  their security.

“Now, it is time to turn the page,” Obama said in an Oval  Office address, speaking from the same desk Bush had used to  declare the 2003 start of the war.

Iraqi Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki told Iraqis their  country “today is sovereign and independent.” But many Iraqis,  who have seen at least 100,000 of their countrymen killed since  the 2003 invasion, are apprehensive as U.S. military might is  scaled down, with violence continuing and efforts to form a new  government stalemated six months after an inconclusive vote.

The United States has spent almost a trillion dollars and  more than 4,400 U.S. soldiers have been killed since the war  began. A recent CBS News poll found 72 percent of Americans now  believe the war was not worth the loss of American lives.

The impasse in Iraq has raised tensions as politicians  squabble over power and insurgents carry out attacks aimed at  undermining faith in domestic security forces.

Obama called on Iraqi leaders to move ahead with a “sense  of urgency” to form an inclusive government.

“Our combat mission is ending, but our commitment to Iraq’s  future is not,” he said.

The president, who opposed the war and the troop surge  launched by Bush in 2007, said he spoke to Bush earlier in the  day by phone. He stopped short of praising Bush, as Republicans  have demanded, for the surge that helped turn the tide in the  war.

“It’s well known that he and I disagreed about the war from  its outset. Yet no one could doubt President Bush’s support for  our troops, or his love of country and commitment to our  security,” Obama said.

Republican Senator John McCain told Reuters afterward that  Obama should have thanked Bush.

“I appreciate him mentioning George Bush’s name, but he  gave him no credit for the surge. If it hadn’t been for the  surge, we never would’ve succeeded. It’s too bad he couldn’t  admit that he was wrong, because if he had his way, we would’ve  lost in Iraq,” said McCain, who lost to Obama in the 2008  presidential election.

Iraqi Foreign Minister Hoshiyar Zebari warned Iraq’s  neighbours against interfering as the remaining 50,000 U.S.  troops in Iraq are withdrawn by an end-2011 deadline set out in  a bilateral security pact.

“We have warned all of them there wouldn’t be any vacuum,  and if there would be a vacuum, the only people who will fill  that vacuum are the Iraqis themselves,” he said.

Obama sought to tie the end of the combat mission in Iraq  with his efforts to bring down a stubbornly high 9.5 percent  jobless rate that is endangering Democratic Party rule in  Washington in the Nov. 2 congressional elections.

Americans are looking to Obama for leadership on boosting  the U.S. economy and some analysts were questioning his foreign  policy focus this week — Iraq and the Middle East peace talks  — at a time of fears of a double-dip recession.

In the same sober tone he used to discuss the war, Obama  sought to allay those fears.

“Today, our most urgent task is to restore our economy, and  put the millions of Americans who have lost their jobs back to  work,” Obama said. “This will be difficult. But in the days to  come, it must be our central mission as a people, and my  central responsibility as president.”

In an apparent jab at Bush, Obama said that over the past  10 years the United States had not done what is necessary to  shore up its economy.

“We have spent over a trillion dollars at war, often  financed by borrowing from overseas. This, in turn, has  short-changed investments in our own people, and contributed to  record deficits,” he said.

Obama visited the U.S. Army base at Fort Bliss, Texas,  earlier yesterday to celebrate the Iraq milestone but stressed  his Oval Office speech should not be seen as a “victory lap.”

The White House wanted to avoid any comparisons between  Obama’s speech and the May 2003 speech by Bush when he declared  major combat operations over in Iraq in front of a “Mission  Accomplished” banner, only to see violence skyrocket in the  months and years afterward.

Bush launched the war over suspicions that Iraq possessed  weapons of mass destruction. No such weapons were found.

Obama, who shifted the U.S. focus to Afghanistan when he  took office in early 2009, pledged to stick to a plan to begin  a U.S. troop withdrawal next summer.

He said the thousands of extra troops he has deployed to  Afghanistan “will be in place for a limited time” to help  Afghans prepare to provide for their own security.

“The pace of our troop reductions will be determined by  conditions on the ground, and our support for Afghanistan will  endure. But make no mistake: this transition will begin —  because open-ended war serves neither our interests nor the  Afghan people’s,” he said.

McCain said he worried that Obama’s specific withdrawal  timetable “will doom us to failure” in Afghanistan.

Lack of

reconciliation

With tensions festering over Iraq’s inconclusive election,  U.S. Vice President Joe Biden was in Baghdad not just to mark  the end of combat operations but also to press for talks.

“Notwithstanding what the national press says about  increased violence, the truth is things are very much  different. Things are much safer,” Biden told Maliki.

But there were plenty of fears about Iraq from the U.S.  side. A senior U.S. intelligence official, speaking on  condition of anonymity, told reporters he was more worried  about the lack of political reconciliation than the threat from  Iran or al Qaeda in Iraq.

The roughly 50,000 U.S. soldiers still in Iraq are moving  into an advisory role in which they will train and support  Iraq’s army and police. Obama has promised to pull all U.S.  troops out of Iraq by the end of 2011.

The effective change on the ground will not be huge because  the U.S. military has already been switching the focus toward  training and support over the past year.

Iraqi forces have been taking the lead since a bilateral  security pact came into force in 2009. U.S. soldiers pulled out  of Iraqi towns and cities in June last year.