My tutor at Cambridge, Professor Nick Hammond, authority on the history of ancient Macedonia and on the life of Alexander the Great, used to coach me on what he called “exercises of the mind.” He knew I played tennis for the University and he put it to me that just as I trained hard for the tennis so should I stretch to exhaustion the muscles of the mind. Once he gave me to read Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and to read it again until my brain could at least begin to make some sense (not much I confess) of its hard and complex ideas.
A full life, he also told me, involved extensive exploration. In youth this might very well mean setting forth to experience lands and cultures far and wide. But as important was travelling within merely the circumference of your skull and that never ended. He was right of course. Before long, explorations in the mind become more important than travelling in the flesh.
Here are two discoveries – there are dozens every day if one reads enough.
● Adam Gopnik writes about the conservative thinker, orator and magnificent prose writer Edmund Burke (1729-1797). Burke was intimately and influentially involved in all the great events of his life – the need to defend parliamentary democracy, how Britain ruled its empire, the struggle for Independence in the American colonies and the Revolution in France and the rise of Napoleon.
It is fascinating to read how this man of tradition and ancient British values came to be persuaded through a simple realization of what is right and just that Warren Hastings, who controlled India for Britain as Governor General of Bengal for the East India Company, must be impeached for the cruel oppression and corruption of his rule.
And it is even more instructive how he came to be persuaded that it was impossible for Britain to continue ruling the American colonies. He saw clearly that it was useless to go on governing that country from a distance and completely unjust to tax people who could not vote for the people who taxed them. The greater patriotism was to recognize the rights of others. Adam Gopnik sums it up: “He thought the idea that you could run an empire as a balance sheet was crazy. Life took place in a theatre of values and traditions, and it was fatal to translate them into a merchant’s language of profit and loss.” Burke was wise enough to see with absolute clarity what all those who seek to lead and rule should see: what keeps a nation together and functioning properly is certainly not partisan advantage or economic success and spin-off profiting for one’s own placemen – it is a community of interests and values in which all can share.
● There is a terrible epidemic of domestic violence – men abusing, injuring, killing women – in Guyana. What is this? Is it something new or has it always been like this but not reported as much. Whatever the case, it is a horrifying national scandal.
Growing up I was taught and early on took absolutely for granted that it was an unforgivable sin for a man to so much as raise his hand against a woman. Hitting a woman was not only an unthinkable violation of ordinary social behaviour but it was also a serious breach of an unspoken code of honour. That, I suppose, will seem laughable nowadays – come on, Ian, codes of honour belong to the age of troubadours and knights in shining armour! – but I remember this attitude as a fact when I was young.
There is a little poem I like simply because it gives a small but telling example of a woman not standing for nonsense of any kind – not accepting, not forgiving, not relenting – which is as it should be. It is L.A.G Strong’s cameo verse The Brewer’s Man:
Have I a wife? Bedam I have!
But we was badly mated.
I hit her a great clout one night
And now we’re separated.
And mornin’s, going to me work
I meets her on the quay:
‘Good mornin’ to ye ma’am!’ says I:
‘ To hell with ye!’ says she.
