(Reuters) – A top executive at the United Nations’ migration agency today warned of catastrophic humanitarian consequences for the spiraling numbers of Haitians forced to flee their homes due to violence fueled by a conflict with armed gangs.
“The figures we see today are a direct consequence of years of spiraling violence,” said Philippe Branchat, who heads the International Organization for Migration’s (IOM) Haiti arm, “and its catastrophic humanitarian impact.”
Almost 580,000 people in Haiti are internally displaced – around 5% of Caribbean country’s entire population – according to the IOM’s latest country-wide assessment, a 60% increase on 360,000 just three months earlier.
This has contributed to close to 5 million – nearly half the population – facing acute hunger.
Gang violence in Haiti surged in late February as former Prime Minister Ariel Henry left the country to seek to speed up a promised Kenyan-led deployment of security forces to help national police fight gangs.
As armed men attacked the national palace and broke thousands from prison, Henry was unable to return and pressured to resign. Three months later, a new government has just been installed but the Kenyan-led deployment has yet to land.
Henry first requested the deployment in 2022.
Meanwhile, the violence has cut off supply routes in a country highly dependent on imports of both food and fuel, pushing up prices for basic staples and medical supplies, while businesses have shuttered and alliances of armed gangs have attacked neighborhoods, bringing indiscriminate killings, sexual violence, ransom kidnappings, lootings and arson.
Those displaced often flee with little more than the clothes on their back and often lose their jobs along with their homes. They have largely been traveling south and staying with host families, an additional burden for areas economically weakened by the devastating 2021 earthquake.
Many are also staying in makeshift camps set up in schools and sport centers around the capital, where basic services are limited and the changing gang battle-lines can prevent aid workers from delivering food or force the displaced to flee yet again.
Neighbouring countries last year deported hundreds of thousands back to Haiti.